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Self-Employment

Self-employed and in debt: your options are different (and better)

1 April 2026 · 2 min read

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Being self-employed and in debt presents different challenges — irregular income, tax bills, and fewer safety nets. But you also have options that employed people don't.


Unique challenges


  • **Irregular income** makes budgeting harder
  • **Tax debt** (Self Assessment, VAT) can build quickly
  • **No statutory sick pay** means illness hits harder
  • **Business and personal debts** can blur together
  • **Fear of bankruptcy** affecting your business

  • HMRC debt: your key priority


    If you owe HMRC money, don't ignore it. Call the Business Payment Support Service on **0300 200 3835**. They can offer:

  • **Time to Pay** arrangements (typically 6-12 months)
  • Reduced payments based on affordability
  • Breathing space on penalties and interest

  • HMRC would rather receive payment slowly than not at all.


    Benefits you CAN claim


    Self-employed people can claim:

  • **Universal Credit** — your earnings are assessed monthly under the Minimum Income Floor (MIF). After 12 months of claiming, the MIF assumes you earn at least minimum wage hours even if you don't.
  • **Council Tax Reduction** — based on actual income
  • **Warm Home Discount** — if on low income
  • **Free School Meals** — if household income qualifies

  • Debt solutions that work for the self-employed


    DMP (Debt Management Plan)

    Works well because payments can flex with your income. Free through StepChange.


    IVA (Individual Voluntary Arrangement)

    You can continue trading while in an IVA. Payments can be adjusted each year based on income.


    Bankruptcy

    You can still work as a sole trader after bankruptcy (with some restrictions). This is a legitimate option if debts are unmanageable.


    DRO (Debt Relief Order)

    Only if your business income is very low (under £75/month disposable).


    Getting help


  • **Business Debtline**: 0800 197 6026 (free, specifically for self-employed)
  • **StepChange**: 0800 138 1111
  • **TaxAid**: free tax advice for people on low incomes
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